Perl As Server Side Scripting

Create file index.pl in htdocs directory then fill it with:

print "Content-Type: text/html"

print "Holla From Perl"

Then direct your browser to http://localhost/index.pl

Perl As Server Side Scripting

Creating CGI File

It's simple to create a CGI file. Just create hello.cgi file in htdocs directory then fill it with:

#!"C:\xampp\perl\bin\perl.exe"

print "Content-Type: text/html"

print "Holla World From CGI"

Then direct your browser to http://localhost/hello.cgi
           

Creating CGI File

Perl Subroutines

To create a subroutine in Perl, type:

sub hello

{

    print "Hello, World!\n";

}

To call it, type:

&hello;

or

$hello($_);

or

$hello(1+2,$_);
            

Perl Subroutines

File I/O In Perl

Reading File:

To read a file, you need a handle:

>> open(my $in, "<", "D://data.txt") or die "Cannot open file: $!";

Then you use:

>> my $line = <$in>;    # just per line

>> print $line;

>> my @lines = <$in>;   # whole documents
>> print @lines;

Or you can read to whole of the text use:

>> while(<$in>){

>>     print "Text: $_";

>> }

Writing To File:

Firstly, create file handle:

>> open(my $out, ">", "D://test.txt") or die "Can't open: $!";

Then write to your file:

>> $msg = "Hello. Hope this file\nGot in the text so we can",

          "happy use it";

>> print $out $msg;
        

File I/O In Perl

Variable In Perl

Perl has three type of variables: Scalars, Arrays, and Hashes.

Scalar:

This type represent a single value:
You need to declare it use my keyword:

>> my $name = "lady gaga";

>> print "The world is full of: ", $name;

>> print "$name: ".$name;    # output: lady gaga: lady gaga

Arrays:
This represent a list of values:

>> my @name = ("lady gaga", "luna maya", "larry page");

>> my @id = (45, 98, 75, 66, 22);

>> my @mixed = ("lady gaga", 24);

To access an element, use its index:

>> print $name[0];

>> print $name[$#name];    # print the last element

More manouver:

>> @name[0,2];       # gives the 1 and the 3 element.

>> @name[0..2];      # gives the 1 to 3 elements

>> @name[0..$#name];  # gives the first till the last element

>> my @sorted = sort @name   # sorts elements

>> my @reverse = reverse @name    # reverse element

To iterate to all elements, use:

>> foreach(@name){
>>     print $_,"\n";
>> }

Hashes:

Hashes is key/value pairs. It's like assoc arrays in PHP:
>> my %name = ("lady"=>"gaga",
>>             "larry"=>"page",
>>             "aura"=>"kasih");

To access an element, use

>> print $name{"lady"};    # curly bracket, not square

To get the keys and values as an array, use:

>> my @fname = keys %name;
>> my @lname = values %name;

To iterate to all elements of the map, use:

>> foreach my $key (keys %name){
>>     print "The value of $key is $name{$key}\n";
>> } 
          

Variable In Perl

Perl Fisrt Program

To write output in Perl, write:
>> print "Hello World";

# is a comment in perl

>> print "Hello,$name\n";

>> print 'Hello, $name\n';    # print literally  

>> print 45;

>> print("Holla World");

Perl Fisrt Program